Crossfire tube assembly for gas turbines

ABSTRACT

A crossfire tube for attachment between casing bosses of combustors includes a bellows assembly having a bellows with opposite cylindrical ends welded to annular flanges. The annular flanges include a bolt circle for securing the flanges to the combustor bosses. The flanges bear against a gasket for sealing against inserts welded to the casing bosses for retrofit in the sealing assembly to combustors or to seats where the inserts and bosses are formed integrally during original equipment manufacture. A telescoping cylindrical sleeve surrounds the bellows to protect from falling foreign object damage.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a crossfire tube assembly for gas turbines and particularly relates to a crossfire tube assembly having a gasket/bellows combination for air tight sealing of the crossfire tube assembly.

As well known, combustors in stationary land based gas turbines are interconnected by crossfire tubes. These crossfire tubes enable initial ignition of a combustor adjacent to an ignited combustor thereby eliminating the need for separate ignition, and corresponding elements for enabling separate ignition, from each combustor. Crossfire tubes are well known in the gas turbine environment. See for example U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,249,372 and 6,606,865. In the system disclosed in the latter patent, a bellows with annular rings at opposite ends is arranged between combustor flanges. While those bellows assemblies have performed and have demonstrated significant improvement over prior crossfire tube assemblies, the sealing capability of prior crossfire tube assemblies of this type has been brought into question. Absent an air tight seal, hot gases escaping from the crossfire tubes may damage adjacent parts of the turbine. Accordingly there has been demonstrated a need for an improved sealing system for a crossfire tube assembly whereby the crossfire tube assembly is completely airtight with effective thermal disassociation between the hot gases flowing through the crossfire tube assembly and adjacent components of the turbine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a crossfire tube for attachment between casing bosses of adjacent combustors in a gas turbine comprising an annular metallic insert for sealing each of the respective casing bosses; a bellows assembly including an annular bellows having a plurality of convolutions about an axis and flanges sealed to respective opposite ends of the bellows for securement to the respective bosses; gaskets between the flanges and the inserts at respective opposite ends of the bellows assembly for sealing between the inserts and the flanges; and means for securing the flanges and bosses at opposite ends of the bellows assembly whereby the crossfire tube is sealed between adjacent combustors.

In another preferred embodiment, there is provided a combustor and crossfire tube assembly comprising a pair of combustor bosses spaced from one another; each of the bosses including an annular seat; a bellows assembly between the bosses and including a bellows and annular flanges sealed to the bellows at respective opposite ends of the bellows; gaskets between the seats and the flanges at respective opposite ends of the bellows assembly for sealing between the flanges and the seats; the flanges and the bosses having annular bolt rings and bolts securing the flanges and bosses to one another.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bellows type outer crossfire tube assembly in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention with parts in full and partially assembled positions; and

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view with parts broken out in cross-section of the assembly of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring to the drawings particularly to FIG. 1, there is illustrated an outer crossfire tube assembly generally designated 10 arranged between a pair of casing bosses 12 of adjacent combustors in a gas turbine. The bosses 12 are annular in nature and have facing bolt circle holes for securement of the crossfire tube assembly between the casing bosses. Arranged between the casing bosses 12 is an outer crossfire bellows assembly generally designated 16. Bellows assembly 16 includes a bellows 18 having inner and outer diameters defined by axially spaced convolutions 20. The bellows assembly 18 lies generally co-axial with and between the casing bosses 12 and terminates at opposite ends in cylindrical sections 22. A pair of annular flanges 24 are provided, each having an internal cylindrical opening 26 for receiving an end 22 of the bellows 18. The ends 22 of bellows 18 are sealed to the flanges 24, for example, by fillet type welds between the bellow's ends and the flanges forming an airtight seal.

Also illustrated in the drawing figures is a pair of annular inserts 28 received in recessed annular shoulders 30 of the casing bosses 12. The inserts 28 have an interior cylindrical opening 32 in excess of the diameter of the ends of the bellows. The inserts 32 also include an annular recess 34 facing the bellows assembly 16. A spiral gasket 36 is provided in a recess 34 between the annular face of the flange 24 and the insert 28, the recess 34 being preferably located on the inserts 28. The gasket 36 is formed of a thermicullite material commercially available.

Additionally, the annular surfaces of the flanges 24 which axially face and align with one another also mount a heat sleeve 37. Particularly, the heat sleeve is formed of a pair of telescoping concentric cylinders 38 and 40, each secured at one end particularly by welding to the flange 24. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the cylindrical heat sleeve 38 is larger in diameter than the cylindrical heat sleeve 40 such that the heat sleeves may telescope relative to one another on movement of the combustor bosses 12 relative to one another. Also, there is an inner crossfire tube, not shown, which passes between the combustor bosses and axially along the bellows assembly 16 and through which the actual ignition gases flow for igniting the adjacent combustor from a previously ignited combustor. It will also be appreciated that in final assembly, the bellows assembly is secured to the casing bosses by bolt circles and bolts 50 passing through the bolt openings through the flanges 24 for reception in bolt sockets in the casing bosses. Consequently, when the opposite ends of the bellows assembly is secured to the combustion bosses, the flanges bear against and compress the gaskets 36 into sealing engagement with the inserts 28.

It will appreciated that the inserts 28 may be formed integral with the casing bosses 12. Thus for original equipment manufacture, the inserts may comprise part of the casing bosses and form a seat for the gaskets 36. For retrofit applications, the inserts 28 are welded to the interior of the casing bosses.

With the foregoing described arrangement, it will be appreciated that the bellows assembly can be readily and easily installed between the combustor casing bosses and removed to replace the seals as needed. Thus, by unbolting the flanges 24 from the casing bosses, the bellows assembly 16 can be removed from between the bosses. While the advantages of ready and easy installation and removal of the bellows assembly are obtained, it will also be appreciated that an airtight seal is provided between the casing bosses. The seal in the retrofit configuration illustrated with discrete inserts 28 is provided by the welding of the seats 28 to the casing bosses, the welding of the opposite ends of the bellows 18 to the flanges 24 and the compression of the gaskets 36 between the flanges and the bosses. Thus only the spirally wound gasket 36 is required for sealing the bellows assembly to either the insert 28 or the seat in the bosses when the bosses and the inserts are formed integrally as in an original equipment manufacturer.

While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. 

1. A crossfire tube for attachment between casing bosses of adjacent combustors in a gas turbine comprising: an annular metallic insert for sealing each of the respective casing bosses; a bellows assembly including an angular bellows having a plurality of convolutions about an axis; flanges sealed to respective opposite ends of the bellows for securement to the respective bosses; gaskets between the flanges and the inserts at respective opposite ends of the bellows assembly for sealing between the inserts and the flanges; and means for securing the flanges and bosses at opposite ends of the bellows assembly whereby the crossfire tube is sealed between adjacent combustors.
 2. A crossfire tube according to claim 1 including a sleeve about the bellows and between the flanges.
 3. A crossfire tube according to claim 2 wherein the sleeve includes a pair of telescopically related cylinders secured at opposite ends to the respective flanges.
 4. A crossfire tube according to claim 1 wherein said flanges and said opposite ends of said bellows are welded to one another forming a seal.
 5. A crossfire tube according to claim 1 wherein said inserts have annular recesses on sides thereof in alignment with said flanges for receiving said gaskets.
 6. A crossfire tube according to claim 1 wherein said bellows is formed of metal.
 7. A combustor and crossfire tube assembly comprising: a pair of combustor bosses spaced from one another; each of said bosses including an annular seat; a bellows assembly between said bosses and including a bellows and annular flanges sealed to said bellows at respective opposite ends of said bellows; gaskets between said seats and said flanges at respective opposite ends of the bellows assembly for sealing between the flanges and the seats; said flanges and said bosses having annular bolt rings and bolts securing the flanges and bosses to one another.
 8. An assembly according to claim 7 including a sleeve about the bellows and between the flanges.
 9. An assembly according to claim 8 wherein the sleeve includes a pair of telescopically related cylinders secured at opposite ends to the respective flanges.
 10. An assembly according to claim 7 wherein said annular flanges lie in axial alignment with said bosses such that, upon releasing the bolts securing the flanges and bosses to one another, the bellows assembly is removable from between the bosses.
 11. An assembly according to claim 7 wherein said seats comprise metal inserts sealed to said bosses.
 12. An assembly according to claim 11 wherein said inserts are welded to said bosses, said flanges and said bellows being welded to one another at respective opposite ends of the bellows assembly. 